Epigenetics and Gene Regulation: Mechanisms, Models and Applications presents a systematic account of the molecular mechanisms that regulate gene expression without altering the underlying DNA sequence. It covers chromatin organization, DNA methylation, methyl-binding proteins, histone modifications and chromatin-remodelling processes. Special attention is given to environmentally induced epigenetic changes, transgenerational inheritance and the role of DNA methylation in plant development. The book also examines small RNAs, their biogenesis, computational prediction, target identification and involvement in transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene silencing. Important topics such as RNA interference, heterochromatin formation, the Jacob–Monod model, RNA editing and genomic imprinting are presented in a structured manner. Designed for students and researchers in genetics, biotechnology, molecular biology and plant sciences, the book connects foundational concepts with current research and practical applications.

Dr. Archana Rani is currently serving as a Senior Research Fellow in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics at Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya (JNKVV), Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh. She holds both her Master’s and Doctoral degrees in Genetics from Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, where she was awarded university fellowships for academic excellence throughout her postgraduate studies.

With nearly a decade of professional experience in agricultural research and academics, Dr. Rani has significantly contributed to several key research projects, including a Japan –funded JICA project on the Evaluation of promising soybean genotypes under excessive soil moisture conditions and the ICAR-funded CRP on Hybrid Technology in Wheat. Her teaching and research engagements have also extended to U.P. College (affiliated with LNM University, Darbhanga) and her alma mater in Pusa, Bihar.

A major milestone in her career is her association with the development of the wheat variety MP 3535. Her scholarly contributions are substantial, with over 30 research papers, 19 book chapters, and 27 extension articles published in reputed platforms. She is also the author of the academic book Agricultural Biotechnology – Concept and Practices, which reflects her expertise in the field. In recognition of her scientific contributions, Dr. Rani was honored with the Young Scientist Award at an international symposium held at Sido Kanhu Murmu University, Dumka, Jharkhand. Her active participation in 17 national and international seminars, symposia, and training programs further underscores her commitment to continuous learning and knowledge dissemination in the agricultural sciences.

Chapter 1: Introduction to Epigenetics

Chapter 2: Chromatin Structure and Organization

Chapter 3: DNA Methylation: Mechanisms and Functions

Chapter 4: DNA Methyltransferases and Methyl-Binding Proteins

Chapter 5: Histone Modifications and Chromatin Dynamics

Chapter 6: Histone-Modifying Enzymes

Chapter 7: Epigenetic Changes in Response to Environmental Stimuli

Chapter 8: Role of DNA Methylation in Plant Development

Chapter 9: Mutant Case Studies in Plant Epigenetics

Chapter 10: Introduction to Small RNAs

Chapter 11: Biogenesis of Small RNAs

Chapter 12: In Silico Prediction and Target Identification

Chapter 13: Gene Regulation by Small RNAs

Chapter 14: Heterochromatin Formation and siRNA-Mediated Methylation

Chapter 15: Models and Advanced Concepts in Gene Regulation