
Mendel’s laws (segregation, independent assortment), Test cross & back cross, Probability rules & Chi-square (goodness-of-fit), Dominance: complete, incomplete, codominance,Epistasis (9:7, 12:3:1, 9:3:4, 15:1, 13:3), Multiple alleles, pleiotropy, pseudoalleles, Sex determination (XX-XY, XO, ZZ-ZW) & sex linkage; sex-limited/influenced, Chromosome architecture (centromere, telomere, NOR, chromomere), Special chromosomes (polytene, lampbrush, B-chromosomes),Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis & nondisjunction, Linkage & recombination frequency (cM), Crossing over, interference & coefficient of coincidence, Chromosomal aberrations (deletion, duplication, inversion, translocation)
Aneuploidy vs polyploidy; haploids/double haploids (colchicine, androgenesis),Mutations: point/frameshift; transition/transversion; physical/chemical mutagens, DNA vs RNA types; replication (semi-conservative; key enzymes),Transcription & translation (codon, wobble),
Gene regulation (lac/trp operon; promoters/enhancers/repressors),Cytoplasmic inheritance (mtDNA, cpDNA; maternal effects), Model organisms (Drosophila, Arabidopsis, pea, E. coli, mouse) and their uses,ICAR 6th Deans Syllabus
