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Producer organizations are collectivised as one of the most efficient ways of dealing with the many problems facing agriculture, particularly tiny and marginal farmers most importantly, the improvement of access to assets, technologies, inputs and markets. The farmers’ producer organization recorded as the most relevant institutional way to mobilize farmers and create ability to take up collective manufacturing and marketing power was recognized in India. Today the potentials of FPOs are realized. The Govt. of India is promoting FPO like never before.

Teamwork and collaboration is better than individual effort is a proven fact that human beings have realized since the Stone Age. Similarly, it was also recognized and applied in farming. The concept of farmer’s organization had emerged by realizing the power of unity. With the growing concern of present condition of decreasing size of land holdings the need for unity and collectivization has been prominently realized in agriculture. Agriculture sector is facing a rapidly overflowing basket of challenges. Population has increased 3.71 times from 350 million in 1947 to 1.3 billion in 2017; hence, demand for food has increased while total cultivable land has shrunk. The grain area per person has been shrinking steadily for several decades from 0.22 hectares in 1950 to 0.10 hectares in 2010 and it is projected to be as less as 0.06 hectares per person in 2050 (Larsen, 2003). So, the big and alarming question on food and income security has been raised.

Rural Economy and Agriculture It is being progressively recognized that the globalized nature of economies across the world is affecting the economic security of all nations. Particularly, in this present era when globalization, liberalization and privatization are rapidly budding and creating new threats and opportunities, it is established that farmers need to be organized to participate and proliferate in the development processes. The phenomenon has triggered substantial debate as to whether globalization is positive evolution of economic action or detrimental to the interests of certain countries or specific groups (Kaplinsky, 2004; Nadvi, 2004).

3.1. Theoretical background of FPOs Farmers Producer Organization is a people based organization having both the outlook of cooperation and business. In this context the theories of collective action, group formation, social learning cooperation etc are very much pertinent here. 3.1.1 Collective action Collective action is visible in FPCs. Collective action is defined as action taken mutually by a group of people to augment their status and achieve a common goal. Over the past two decades analytic philosophers have been investigating the nature of collective action in the sense of acting together.

4.1. Registration Procedure Registering a Producer Company follows a process similar to that of a Private Limited Company. The first step involves obtaining a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) and Director Identification Number (DIN) for the proposed directors of the company. Following this, an application for name reservation is submitted to the relevant Registrar of Companies (ROC). It’s mandatory for the name of a producer company to end with the words “Producer Limited Company” as per the Act. Once the suggested name is approved, an application for incorporation of the Producer Company is filed in the prescribed format. The Registrar reviews the application and accompanying documents, and if satisfied, approves and issues a Certificate of Incorporation.

A successful and sustainable farmer producer organization (FPO) is an entity that is owned and managed by farmers, and is focused on improving their livelihoods through sustainable and profitable agricultural practices. Such an organization operates with a long-term vision, and is able to adapt to changing circumstances in the agricultural sector. Viability, stability and sustainability are the three degrees of permanency in business. Analysis of these three is very important for any business and entrepreneurs. 5.1. Viability viability of a business indicates that it is (or has the chance to be) successful. A viable firm is profitable, which indicates that it generates more income than it spends on operating expenses. It is tough to resurrect a failing firm. The company would need to either boost income or lower expenditures. 

A business plan is a document that summarises a company’s operational and financial goals. It is a road map to success for a business, with detailed plans and budgets outlining how the goals will be met. A business plan outlines how a company will achieve its objectives. A business plan is an essential first step for anyone starting a business. These concrete milestones will aid in tracking the company’s success (or lack thereof). There are various business plans for various purposes, and the best business plans are living documents that respond as quickly as possible to real-world factors. A good business plan adheres to widely accepted guidelines in terms of both form and content. A business plan is divided into three sections: The first is the business concept, in which you discuss the industry, your business structure, your specific product or service, and your plans for success.

Better functioning of FPO is possible through ensuring sustainability and promoting high growth activities. It can be achieved through working with specific planning. A brief road map for better functioning of FPO/FPC has been discussed here. 7.1. Factors for high growth of Farmer Producer Companies The reason for high growth of FPC as perceived by ASA (2009) are energetic management team and the board of directors, cooperation from banking institutions which provided hassle free loans to the PC for working capital, and a clearly identified business opportunity that gives a high return on investment. A tentative assessment suggests that there are multifarious benefits for member in the form of timely and easily availability of fertilizers, seeds and other agriculture inputs at a reasonable rate; bulk selling of agriculture produce for better price; extension services received by the farmers which the PC had arranged with the agriculture department or from other service providers; receiving of cash dividends from the FPC (Mondal, 2010).

The success of any country’s agricultural sector depends on the strength of its farmer producer companies (FPCs) or farmer producer organizations (FPOs). These organizations, formed by farmers for farmers, are essential for ensuring the fair and sustainable production and distribution of food. However, many FPCs face significant challenges, including lack of access to finance, technology, and markets. To address these challenges, governments and other institutions have implemented various schemes and programs to support FPCs. 

Social media can be defined as any media dedicated to community based input, interaction, content sharing and collaboration. Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Whatsapp, Google Plus, Hike Messenger, Pinterest, Reddit, Instagam, WeChat, Skype, YouTube are some of the social networking sites that have received tremendous response from billions of people all over the world. Earlier, there were mass media like pamphlets, booklets, newspapers, radio, television, etc. to connect with the masses. These traditional mass medias were mostly based on one way conversation. Various researchers, scientists, policy makers, government and non-government organizations, research institutions utilized these traditional mass media to the fullest but mostly with a limitation of one way communication and farmers have to rely on the information mashed on them. In last decade, the social networking services (SNS) have emerged as a wonderful and powerful social media.

10.1. Success Story of Mahila Umang Producer Company Ltd. Mahila Umang Producer Company is established at Almora district of Uttarakhand, India. The company is fully operated by the hill women of Uttarakhand. There were 1464 members associated in this company. The company was established as a formal Farmer Producer Company in the year 2009 by the help of the promoting Non- government Organisation ‘Grassroots’. Before that it was working as a conglomerate of SHGs. 

1. What are Primary produce? Primary produce, also known as primary products, refers to raw materials or natural resources that are derived from agriculture, forestry, fishing, or mining activities. These products are typically unprocessed or minimally processed, and are often used as inputs in further manufacturing or production processes. Examples of primary produce include crops such as wheat, corn, and soybeans, as well as livestock such as cattle, sheep, and pigs. Forestry products such as timber and paper pulp, as well as fish and other seafood harvested from the ocean or inland waterways, are also considered primary produce.

Alagh, K. Y. (2007). On Producer Companies. PRADHAN’S Workshop on Producer Companies. Altenberg, T. and Von Drachenfels, C. (2006). The new minimalist approach to private sector development: A critical assessment. Development Policy Review, 24(4), 387-411. ASA (2010). Resource Handbook For establishing a Producer Company. Action for Soc