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SEED PRODUCTION OF FIELD CROPS

Shyam Sundar Mondal, Mithun Saha, Kajal Sengupta
  • Country of Origin:

  • Imprint:

    NIPA

  • eISBN:

    9789389547771

  • Binding:

    EBook

  • Number Of Pages:

    232

  • Language:

    English

Individual Price: 995.00 INR 895.50 INR + Tax

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Seed is the key input for agricultural production, sustainable production as well as quality produce cannot be obtained without good quality planting material or seed even in presence of sound technical management. Huge variety of crops are grown in our homeland, there management practices for successful seed production is also differed. In this context vast information is available but all are in discrete manner. In this book effort has been made to accumulate all the aspect viz. agronomy, botany, seed technology, plant breeding and genetics in harmonic way benefiting students, researchers as well as traders.

0 Start Pages

Preface India is the homeland of diversified crops. The varying agro-ecological condition favours the natural growth and production of these crops. But it needs to be harvested to their maximum potentiality. Our work is to restore the type or variety suitable for particular region and scientific production of the seed or planting materials for further use. Sustained growth to cope with increasing demand would depend more on the pace of development and adoption of innovative technologies, the seed would continue to be vital component for decades to come. Though the history of seed production is old, the concept has received only limited attention from the scientific point of view and that only in relatively recent time with the development of seed industry. As a consequence the key player for transforming traditional farming into market led and demand driven and value added farming is seed industry. The private seed industry is no more confined to just production and marketing of seed. It has as well as acquired technological strength to cater to the varietals needs of tomorrow.

 
1 GENERAL SEED PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

Current Status of Seed Production Organized seed production in the country became possible with the formation of National Seed Corporation (NSC) during 1963, which paved the way for a sound seed industry to come as a consequence of the introduction of hybrid technology during 1961-65. The release of high yielding dwarf varieties of wheat and rice by the 1960’s gave further impetus to the growth of the seed industry in the country. For the total area under cultivation of 26.7 m hac and 44.8 hac of wheat and rice respectively, the seed requirement for these two crops alone come to 32 lakh tones and 13 lakh tones respectively of which the varieties contribute about 98 per cent and the hybrids 2 per cent. Only about 10-15 per cent of the total requirement is met by the seed producers leaving the balance for the farmers to manage and the seed producers have to grab the opportunity to supply quality seed materials in order to increase the production.

1 - 30 (30 Pages)
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2 SEED PRODUCTION OF CEREAL CROPS

2.1 Rice Rice is the staple food for the largest number of people on the Earth. According to an estimate, the global rice production must reach 800 million tonne from the present 91.04 million tonne in 2005-06 to meet the demand in 2025. It’s area is 37% of the total area under food grains as against 20% under wheat, another important food crop. But globally it stands next to wheat in harvested area.As the irrigated rice contributes more than 75 per cent of the total rice production, enhancing its yield potential would be key to meeting the global rice requirement for an additional 215 million tonne. To achieve the target yield, rice varieties with a yield advantage of about 20 per cent over popular and widely adapted rice varieties under tropical conditions must be developed. Experience in China, India, Vietnam, the Philippines, Bangladesh and several other countries clearly indicates that hybrid rice technology offers readily available option to meet this challenge.

31 - 70 (40 Pages)
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3 SEED PRODUCTION OF PULSE

3.1 Redgram or Pigeon Pea In any production programme, the importance of quality seed needs hardly be emphasized. In fact, the major bottleneck in the pigeon pea cultivation programme is the restricted or poor availability of quality seeds of the desirable varieties. The seed has been considered as the ‘vehicle of change’. With better attention paid to their interaction among water, fertilizer and seed of improved varieties, the production can be maximized. Although a numbers of improved varieties of pigeon pea have been released since 1970, organized seed production programmes have been rather limited. Most of our national efforts in this direction continue to be centralized on cereal crops like wheat, rice and hybrid millets. Moreover, the benefits of the current research will not reach the farmers unless large-scale seed multiplication programmes are organized. Most farmers continue to use seeds of traditional varieties and consequently have not been able to expedite the higher production potential of the new strains.

71 - 104 (34 Pages)
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4 SEED PRODUCTION OF OILSEEDS

4.1 Mustard  The principle oil yielding rape seed & mustard sp. cultivated in India are

105 - 144 (40 Pages)
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5 SEED PRODUCTION OF FIBER CROPS

5.1 Jute Seed Production  Jute ranks next to cotton as the most important natural fibre and it recognized as the ‘golden fibre’. Its products being biodegradable and environment friendly in contrast to synthetic substitutes, a renewed interest in this natural fibre has been generated in the recent past throughout the world. Important characteristics of jute fibre are its silky lustures, high tensile strength, low extensibility, considerable heat resistance. Because of its great abundance and shortage of cotton, jute is blended with cotton and jute/cotton blended yarns are produced mainly to take advantage of the lower price of jute fibre (Doraiswamy et al., 1998). Several diversified product is also made from jute. Since currently the paper industry has been using it as a raw material for paper. It is also being used in geotextile. The jute sticks are largely used as fuel and also for making gun powder.

145 - 192 (48 Pages)
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6 SEED PRODUCTION OF POTATO

Potato is an important crop of the world and grown in almost all the states in India. Apart from India, potato is grown in more than 100 countries but the intensity of cultivation varies considerably. For example in the Netherlands 19.6% of the total arable land is cultivated with potatoes. The figures for Germany, Peru and USA are 10.1%, 5.6% and less than 1% respectively. India ranks fourth in area (1.29 m ha) and third in production (25.23 m ton) in the world. The productivity of potato depends mainly on the quality and quantity of planting materials and the agronomic management practices adopted. Most of developing countries including India experience release of high yielding varieties, development of adequate agronomic and pest control measures but the gap between supply and demand of good quality adequate quantity seed has to be the major constraint in increasing its productivity. The seed production in India is mainly confined to the North-Western part both in the hills and the plains, because of favourable weather and low incidence of aphids (vectors responsible for viral diseases) in this regions.

193 - 220 (28 Pages)
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7 End Pages

INDEX A Acid treatment  6 Allelopathic effect  119, 120 Allopolyploidy  198 Andigena  196, 197, 200 Androcium  196 Anemophilous  45 Arrangement of light  202 Auricle  56

 
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