Digital Technology in present context has emerged as one of the disruptive technologies that can supplement the traditional agricultural production techniques for increasing production, productivity and profitability of agriculture sector and is considered as one of the most promising applications for sustainable agriculture development.

The term digital is derived from the word digit or digitus, a Latin word for finger, as fingers are often used for discrete counting. A variable is discrete when it is countable in a finite time and its instantaneous value at any timing/ instant belongs to a set of finite values.

Sensor is a physical device used to detect manifestations or variations in a process value and collect data in real time assessment mode for measuring and predicting system/device performance and finally analyzing it to attain a specific task or application. Sensor technology is now-a-days used for interdisciplinary applications for data collection, system analysis and monitoring.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is technology which can store, retrieve, manipulate, manufacture, transmit or receive, analyze any digital information and can apply machine vision for increasing efficiency and workability of the system. The AI permits systematically scope of ‘3S’ i.e. Safety, Security and Surveillance, which is also known as manmade intelligence. In fact, it needs more reliable and accurate data or information for processing and correction for predicting performance of any system and devices.

Internet of Things (IoT) is networking of physical objects, devices, machines, systems etc to interconnect each other for exchanging data through standard internet protocols. The IoT is also termed as Machine-to-Machine (M-to-M) communication. The term ‘Things’ in IoT includes objects embedded with sensors, actuators, mobile phones, routers, hubs, computers, wearable’s and smart devices etc.

The human civilization and environmental eco-system are the two most important components of real world. The technology intervention to safeguard human civilization and the environment has always been the foremost priority of scientific and engineering community through their innovative expeditions.

Sending a message from one place to another place, which are physically separated from each other, is called Communication. The Communication Engineering or Communication Technology deals with the design and development of engineering systems to transmit information from its source, and at the same time, to receive the same information at a remote destination with reliability, accuracy and quality.

One of the major goals in agricultural crop management is to achieve maximum yield with minimum investment while maintaining a good quality of the crop produce. Crop infestation due to insects, diseases, and weeds are some of the major factors responsible for loss in crop yield. Further, an efficient Precision Agriculture Crop Management System is one, which is capable of precisely detecting the crop yield indicators (or crop health parameters) at an early stage and can predict the yield at any point of time of the crop cycle.

The term robot is czech word, first time used by play write Karel Capek, in year 1920, applicable to the forced labour or serfs or slaves. The first commercial, digital and programmable robot, named ‘Unimate’ was built by George Devol in 1954.

The term ‘geo’ is a Greek word, it means the earth, and the term ‘spatial’ means parameter/feature measured, mapped or modeled with reference to distance or space. The geospatial technology refers to the technology that measure, model, analyze, map, or predict the features or phenomena that occur on earth and its surface.

Big Data refers to extremely large, very fast, highly diverse, and complex data that cannot be managed with conventional data management systems, tools or processes. In the perfect world, Big Data may include all kind of data, which can deliver the right information, to right person, in the right quantity, at the right time, to help in making the right decisions.

With the invention of bitcoin in 2008, the world was exposed to a new technology paradigm called blockchain. Blockchain was conceptualized by an unknown person named as Satoshi Nakamoto in 2008. The identity of Satoshi Nakamoto is still not known. Nakamoto proposed the design of blockchain which uses digital signature and timestamps to enable secure and trusted online transaction without the need of any trusted regulatory or third party.

A Cambridge Assessment publication. http://www.cambridgeassessment.org.uk/researchmatters5 Adisa, O. M., Botai, J. O., Hassen, A., Darkey, D., Adeola, A. M., Tesfamariam, E., and Adisa, A. T. “Variability of satellite derived phenological parameters across maize producing areas of South Africa”. Sustainability, 10(9), pp. 2018, 3033. Ahmad, L., and Mahdi, S.S. “Recent Advances in Precision Agriculture”. Satellite Farming, 2018, pp. 129-138