eChapters

Methods and procedures for the qualitative characterization and quantitative analysis of different constituents of soil organic matter are presented in this Chapter.

20.1. Moisture

The soil sample should be in an air-dry condition after mixing, sieving and grinding. When stored in a moisture-tight container, the free H₂O content should not vary appreciably during storage. While most determinations can be done on air-dry samples, for certain purposes such as obtaining summation values, a moisture content value is required.

Introduction

The issue of environmental protection has become increasingly important in recent years, and one of the most effective ways to address this problem is through the use of recycled products. Recycling helps to conserve natural resources, reduce waste, prevent pollution, and combat climate change making it a critical part of any sustainable development strategy. In this chapter, we can explore how recycled products can help protect the environment and the many benefits that come with their use.

Introduction

Eco-friendly interior design is an important consideration for anyone who wants to create a healthy, sustainable, and beautiful space.

Environmental impact: The materials used in interior design can have a significant impact on the environment. Eco-friendly materials are made from renewable resources, reduce waste, and often have a lower carbon footprint than traditional materials.

Sustainability

Sustainability is a complicated concept. The most often cited definition comes from the U.N. World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED): “Sustainable development is the development that fulfills the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their requirements.” Hence, sustainability has been defined as meeting our own needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Introduction: Indoor Air Pollution

People think that while they are indoors, they are breathing clean air. After all, pollution is found outside, and indoor air is filtered through the HVAC system.

Indoor air can have significantly higher concentrations of pollution than air found outside. Plenty of evidences exists. Global Burden of Disease Risk lists indoor air pollution as the ninth biggest health risk.

Introduction

India has vast livestock resources. Livestock sector includes animal husbandry, dairy and fisheries sector. Livestock provides livelihood to two-third of rural community and employment to about 8.8 % of the population in India. Livestock sector contributes 4.11% GDP and 25.6% of total Agriculture GDP. It provides milk and milk products, meat and meat products, and also constitutes a major supplier of food and food articles, raw materials, and finished products.

Climate change impacts

• Climate change is a crucial factor behind cyclone Tauktae

• Global ocean has absorbed 90% of the excess heat generated by greenhouse gas emissions since 1970

• Led to anomalous ocean warming in Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal, which in turn makes cyclones intensify rapidly

• India will see more frequent cyclones every year due to global warming

What is A Smart Energy Home?

Smart homes use internet - connected devices to enable remote monitoring and management of appliances and systems, such as temperature, lighting, and security cameras. Smart energy homes take a step beyond the gadget-filled smart home to focus on bringing smart functionality to major household energy-using systems like HVAC, water heating, and plug loads (including appliances and electronics).

Types of Biomedical Waste

1. Infectious waste: waste contaminated with blood and other bodily fluids (e.g. from discarded diagnostic samples), cultures and stocks of infectious agents from laboratory work (e.g. waste from autopsies and infected animals from laboratories), or waste from patients with infections (e.g. swabs, bandages and disposable medical devices)

2. Pathological waste: human tissues, organs or fluids, body parts and contaminated animal dead bodies

Introduction

Site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) is the dynamic, field-specific management of nutrients in a particular cropping season to optimize the supply and demand of nutrients according to their differences in cycling throughsoil–plantsystems(Sarkar etal.,2017).Thisnewmethodofnutrient recommendationsisprimarilybasedontheinitialnutrientstatus(INS)from thesoil andthecrop’sneedfornutrients toachieve thedesiredyield.

8.1. Biofloc aquaculture

Among the innovations in the field of aquaculture, biofloc technology (BFT) has attracted great attention due to its ability to foster the goals of sustainable aquaculture (Khanjani et al., 2022a). If implemented correctly, BFT capitalizes on the existing organisms in water to significantly reduce water use and environmental impact and increase biosafety at farms (Avnimelech, 2012).

This chapter deals with the findings of the study along with the discussion based on the analysis. This study tried to represent its findings as per the objectives of the study. At the end of this chapter, interrelation has been made, an explanation has been tried to put out down and an attempt has been done to reveal the cause behind it. The results and their pertaining discussion are presented according to the specific objectives of the study.