eChapters

1. Introduction

Libraries play an important role in developing reading habit among students. The Academic library specially means to support the teaching learning process and is focus to work on curriculum based education system. Inculcating reading habit among students in academic Library is a challenge. Our College SMRK BK AK Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Nashik is dedicated towards the Women’s Education has accepted this challenge and established Book Club to inculcate reading habit among students. Reading Drive is one of the unique practices run in our college from 2014. Every year more than 200 students enrolled under the Book Club and read the books other than academics. Under this club, we take various activities such as Book Review Competition, Book talk, Books Exhibitions on Various Occasions, Digital Exhibition of Book Reviews submitted by students, New Arrivals Desk, Ask a Librarian and execute this Reading Drive.

Introduction

One of the remarkable advancements in veterinary medicine recently is the application of interventional cardiology techniques to treat various congenital heart diseases. In dogs and cats, congenital heart diseases can be treated much more easily and with fewer complications using minimally invasive interventional approaches, rather than through traditional open-heart surgery. Among congenital heart diseases, treatment options are available for conditions such as PDA (Patent Ductus Arteriosus), AS (Aortic Stenosis), PS (Pulmonic Stenosis), VSD (Ventricular Septal Defect), ASD (Atrial Septal Defect), extrahepatic shunt, and stem cell applications. These diseases often cannot be significantly improved by medical treatment alone, making the use of the aforementioned interventional techniques essential for effective management.

I. CHALLENGES TO CYBERSPACE

The problems and prospects of copyright and information technology need to be deliberated in the context of present day jurisprudence. The subject is referable to the extensive use of information technology all over the world which has resulted in enhanced efficiency, effectiveness and optimum use of resources. The copyright law is concerned with the negative right of preventing copying of the physical material in the field of literature and arts. Trade and Merchandise Marks Act protects the patent, trade mark and design giving the registered proprietor an exclusive right to the registered material. The prohibition contained in rights in patent and copyright extend to the unauthorised manufacture or reproduction, so long as the exclusive right rests. Copyright has been held to be not the mere creature of the statute but a natural and civil right. The moral basis of the copyright is that the man is entitled to the fruits of its mental faculties as much as he is entitled to the fruits of his mechanical labour. The law rests on the English Commandment - thou shall not steal. It does not permit one man to make a profit and appropriate himself what has been produced by the labour, skill and capital of another. Blackstone in his commentaries Vol.II at page p.406 has stated:

There is still another aspect of property and this is the right which an author may be supposed to have in his own original literary compositions: so that no other person without his leave may publish or make profit of the copies. When a man by the exertion of his rational powers has produced an original work, he seems to have clearly a right to dispose of that identical work as he pleases and any attempt to vary the disposition he has made to it appears to be an invasion of that right.

1. Introduction

The technology is a part of dynamic environment which has brought a lot of change in styles and pattern of various fields. Out of this education is also one of the integral parts. Technology has brought immeasurable effect in the f ield of education. E-learning consists of various types of facilities such as audio and images delivers text animation etc. E-learning process involves many types of local networks or the internet basis learning. E-learning has made learning and developmental activities so frequent which leads to easy access to required information. E-learning is a way of creating knowledge and circulating the same where teacher plays a vital role. The basic objective of e-learning is exploring and adding essential knowledge.

ABSTRACT

Nowadays it is very important to evaluate research publications. They are evaluated by impact factors and citation indices. The research value of an author and journal is ascertained from several citation indices, from which it is known that what Impact of a research publication is in market. The h index is based on diagnostic importance or productivity so it confers a delegate index of scientific result. The h-index is used to measure of published work of a scientist or scholar as well as also assess the achievement of research groups. The present paper describe about the h-index. Specifically, it explains its origin, advantages, and disadvantages and how calculates individual’s h-index in different databases.

Keywords: Citation, Impact, H-Index, Research productivity, Scientific publications.

I. INTRODUCTION

Procedural remedies for the infringement of one’s right are not enough by themselves unless they result in some reliefs of substantive nature whereby it can reasonably be said that these reliefs, temporary or permanent, as the case may be, are enough in the circumstance to make good or, say, compensate the genuine loss of the aggrieved party to an infringement suit. The substantive remedies available to a successful plaintiff at any stage in any suit for patent infringement could, however, be derived from the express as well as by necessary implication of the provisions of the Patents Act, 1970 dealing with the “Reliefs in suit for infringement”. Its Sec. 108 declares in terms quoted below:

Remote sensing provides large-scale information about crops and agricultural environments through satellite, aerial and other sensing technologies. This chapter examines the integration of remote sensing and artificial intelligence for crop monitoring and yield prediction. It introduces the fundamentals of agricultural remote sensing, important sensors and data types, vegetation indices and crop health assessment. Data acquisition and preprocessing are followed by applications of AI models for monitoring crop conditions and predicting yields. Remote sensing datasets can be combined with machine learning and other AI techniques to identify patterns associated with crop performance. The chapter also discusses case studies, limitations, emerging technologies and future research opportunities in intelligent crop monitoring and yield forecasting

Remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems provide spatial information for monitoring crops, land, soil and water resources. This chapter introduces their fundamental principles and explains developments involving satellites, UAVs, hyperspectral sensors, thermal imaging and cloud-based geospatial platforms. Analytical techniques include vegetation indices, time-series analysis, spatial modelling and artificial intelligence. Applications cover crop-health monitoring, yield forecasting, irrigation planning, drought assessment, pest and disease identification and soil-resource management. Integration with IoT, automation and other digital technologies improves the timeliness and resolution of agricultural information. These tools support evidence-based decisions responding to food-security, climate-change and natural-resource sustainability challenges.

1. Introduction

For actively participating in today's global information society, having access to information and information resources is crucial. Information serves as a foundational pillar for the success of any nation, and libraries act as the primary gateways to access information. Libraries have been playing a crucial role for decades in supporting educational, learning, and research activities, as well as catering to the diverse informational requirements of individuals. However, changes in the form and formats of documents as well as diverse needs of users, pose new challenges for libraries in meeting these dynamic needs of their users. Libraries must now reconsider their roles and duties, designing a variety of new innovative services that are crucial for providing value-added, needs-based support to the society. Societal progress depends on research, often described as the lifeblood of communities, as it is vital for offering solutions to various problems.Traditionally, libraries have provided their patrons with information resources. However, in addition to these resources, libraries must now offer a range of services to support the research endeavors of scholars and researchers. In essence, while libraries have historically played a significant role in supporting research, they now must take an active role from the inception of research activities to the dissemination and formal publication of research findings. Achieving this requires not only the redesigning of library services but also the development of new skills among library professionals to proficiently navigate through the flood of information, useadvanced information and communication technologies effectively and offer comprehensive research support services (RSS) to user community.

ABSTRACT

This paper provides an overview on existing IP protection and registration systems of India and adds information culled from publicly available sources pertaining to modernization efforts of Government of India towards establishment of foolproof IP protection in accordance with international treaties, conventions and bilateral and multilateral agreements.

1. Introduction

Modern technologies like artificial intelligence, machine learning, and big data have made robotics, a concept that dates back to ancient times, much more advanced. The area of robotics, originally used in industrial settings, has now expanded its scope to include a diverse range of industries, such as industrial robots, medical robots, military robots, space robots, and humanoid robots that adopt human-like characteristics.

In accordance with this existing structure, libraries have additionally adopted the use of robots, which have shown enhanced efficacy and capabilities in executing diverse library functions. A significant number of libraries around the world have used humanoid robots to facilitate a variety of library functions, including STEM education initiatives. Academic institutions such as the Chicago Public Library and the University of Rhode Island Library organize programs centered on robotics.

Libraries may become obsolete in the 21st century if they do not begin to harness new technology and improve their information and service delivery. Robots come in a variety of shapes and sizes, and they serve a variety of functions. It is difficult to define the purpose of a specific robot and its categories because each robot has its distinct feature and varies in size, shape, color, and components.

1. Introduction

Organizing and disseminating the amount of information being generated in the age of information explosion is the challenge for library staff. According to Ranganathan’s fourth law of library science it is very important factor today, that how quickly library provides its information to the users. So, in this modern era to do this work beautifully, it needs the help of advance technology. Not only that, but also requires staff training.Even the library continuously changes its concepts to keeping the modernity, like library known as ‘Knowledge Resource Centre’, the books and non-book materials known as information and so on.Now a day the library has made its services better and better by using several technologies. From this point of view, the use of RFID technology is very important. RFID consists of four components vis Tags, Antenna, RFID Reader and Software. Though its use, we make the work of circulation easier, we can identify any missing documents very easily. After all, we can say that no document can be taken out of the library without a proper way. So there is acceptance of stock verification work.

I. INTRODUCTION

Over the last few decades, protection of intellectual property rights (IPRs) has become a global issue. The existing international intellectual property rights regime has been governed by the Trade- Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement.1 Inspite of maturity of intellectual property laws in post TRIPS era it still desiderate to established coherence with human rights laws particularly right to health and maintain a distance with the socio-economic dimension of intellectual property protection. On the other hand the international human rights instruments from the very beginning appear to be considerable to make certain links with intellectual property rights.2 The issue that is now debated that the adoption of the TRIPS Agreement provisions have serious impact on the realization of certain basic human rights such as the right to health because of non availability and affordability of much needed medicines for the poorer populations of the world particularly in majority of developing countries. Meanwhile TRIPS flexibilities as confirmed by the Doha Declaration on Public Health were adopted in 2001 by the global community to address medicines as public health issue.3 Keeping in view the above developments the problem of right to health and the relationship between medical patents and access to medicine in the case of the HIV/ AIDS and T.B epidemics is complex challenge in the context of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals in 2015 adopted by Member States of the United Nations in Sep, 2015. One of the aims of the agenda is to ensure healthy lives and promote the well-being of people of ages.4 In such a situation it is high time to revisit the existing intellectual property regime in the broader context to protect everyone who is likely to be negatively affected by intellectual property standards imposed by developed nations. Under this backdrop the present paper wishes to examine the various kinds of potential impacts of intellectual property regime on the realization of access to medicine as part of human right to health as universal entitlements amongst the most disadvantaged and marginalized peoples and communities in the broader context of sustainable development goals.

Introduction
As the world navigates the complexities of the 21st century, the pivotal role of information technology (IT) in bridging change and fostering sustainable development cannot be overstated. Vision 2047, marking a centenary of India’s independence, represents a forward-looking commitment to leveraging IT as a transformative tool to achieve global connectivity and sustainability. This chapter delves into the contributions of IT in driving this vision, outlines aspirations for a globally connected future, and reflects on the guiding principles of Panch Parivartan as a framework for transformative change.
Role of IT in Bridging Change and Achieving Sustainable Development: Information technology has become the backbone of modern society, enabling rapid innovation, connectivity, and efficiency across all sectors. IT offers solutions addressing critical economic growth challenges, environmental preservation, and social equity.

Agricultural robotics addresses labour shortages, production demands, environmental concerns and the need for greater operational precision. This chapter examines unmanned aerial vehicles, autonomous ground machines, robotic manipulators, greenhouse robots and livestock systems. Enabling technologies include multimodal sensors, computer vision, navigation, control systems and artificial intelligence. Applications extend from land preparation, sowing and crop monitoring to weeding, spraying, irrigation, harvesting and post-harvest processing. Emerging approaches such as reinforcement learning, digital twins, swarm coordination and soft robotics are also explored. Technical reliability, high investment, connectivity, labour displacement and data ownership remain important barriers. Future development must prioritize accessible, affordable and farmer-oriented automation platforms.

Robotics is transforming livestock production by automating repetitive, labour-intensive and precision-dependent operations. This chapter examines automated milking, robotic feeding, manure removal, health monitoring, drones and autonomous herd-management systems across dairy, poultry, swine and sheep production. Integration with AI, IoT and sensors creates connected environments capable of continuous monitoring and data-driven action. Benefits include higher productivity, lower labour requirements, timely animal care and more efficient resource use. Challenges include substantial investment, technical complexity, maintenance and farmer acceptance. Emerging developments such as autonomous farms, swarm robotics, solar-powered equipment and climate-smart robotic systems may further strengthen animal welfare, environmental sustainability and global food security.

The term robot is czech word, first time used by play write Karel Capek, in year 1920, applicable to the forced labour or serfs or slaves. The first commercial, digital and programmable robot, named ‘Unimate’ was built by George Devol in 1954.

ABSTRACT

Ethical conduct of research is utmost important which form the basis of overall development of society. Academic institutions can play key role in promoting scientific integrity by creating awareness about scientific misconduct and can frame policies to curb scientific misconduct. As a part of course curriculum knowledge about various issues related to academic integrity can be easily passed to young researchers and students of the institution. Awareness programs can play significant role in promoting research integrity for which academic libraries can be the frontrunner. Librarians’ role is also changing as they have not limited themselves to traditional services but are also providing web based services to the users. They can support research community by providing services like reference management through the use of reference management tools and data management and preservation services. Faculty development programs are also helping the working librarians to update their knowledge. This article discuss about the concept of academic integrity and role of academic institution in promoting it in general and library in particular. PA U library faculty has taken a lead in raising the awareness of students and researchers about research and publication ethics by teaching this course to as part of the course curriculum to research scholars and post graduate students of the university. It is also facilitating teaching community and researchers in plagiarism checking of the manuscripts through the use of antiplagiarism software.

Keywords: Scientific integrity, Research integrity, Research ethics, User education and research ethics, User awareness programs.

2.1 Introduction

Automation of agricultural field with IoT and microcontroller is new era of technology. Arduino based solution to agricultural field is open source platform. It can be used for developing data loggers and new sensors environment. The rate of solutions with Arduino and sensors is high as it is open source platform. The use of Arduino in agriculture can accelerate the growth of automation. Arduino can be interfaced with sensors like:

• Temperature
• Humidity
• Soil Moisture
• Water Pressure
• Water Flow and Water Metering
• Rain Gauge

Introduction

Cloud computing is now evolving like never before, with all types of establishments irrespective of shapes and sizes adapting to this new technology. The experts believe that this trend will continue to grow and develop even further in the coming years. While cloud computing is undoubtedly beneficial for mid-size to large establishments, it is not without its downsides, especially for smaller establishment.