eChapters

An electrocardiographic unit has a compact electrocardiograph machine, power cord, patient cable, thermal recording ECG paper roll, and conducting gel.

Electrocardiographic Unit

The Electrocardiograph is a sensitive galvanometric device that is capable of recording difference in electric potential up to 1 mV (1/1000 of a volt). The machine has a voltage meter and amplifier combined with a strip recording device (Fig.5) to provide a permanent record. Various basic features viz. running (paper) speed of the machine , sensitivity, lead selector, off/on switch, f ilter etc are displayed on the screen (Fig. 5). Electrocardiographic machine can record electrocardiogram at the paper speed of 25 or 50 mm per second as per our selection. The sensitivity switch controls amplitude of the waves. The amplitude or sensitivity can be selected as 0.5,1. or 2.

Electrocardiograph, electrocardiography and electrocardiogram are the three terms commonly associated with ECG or EKG. Though, these terms are interdependent, there is clear differentiation and demarcation between these terms and should not be used as synonym.

Electrocardiograph

The term “Electrocardiograph” refers to an instrument or machine that records surface potentials associated with the electrical activity of the heart to generate a graphic representation, the electrocardiogram (Fig.1).

1. Alphabet Inc. (marketed as Alphabet) is the parent company of:

a) Google

b) Yahoo

c) Microsoft

d) Apple

2. Human Rights Day is celebrated annually across the world on ................. every year.

a) 10 October

b) 10 November

c) 10 December

d) 10 January

1. The nodal agency for international co-operation in the area of agricultural research and education in India is:

 a) ICAR b) DARE

 c) CAU d) CSIR

 2. Which of the following countries is not a member of G-8?

 a) Canada b) france

 c) Germany d) Spain

 3. FSSAI does not provide licensing for:

 a) Non-alcoholic beverage b) Alcoholic beverage

 c) Milk products d) Organic products

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).

 Assertion (A) : Ditch system of planting is common planting system in Diara land cultivation of cucurbitaceous crops.

 Reason (R) : To  manage   the  availability  of moisture  and higher temperature, the trenches are dug in North-West direction.

 In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. Which portion of the sugarcane is the best for use as seed?

a) Top 1/3 to 1/2 portion

b) Top 2/3 to 3/4 portion

c) 2/3 portion of bottom

d) 3/4 portion of bottom

2. Flower drop and less fruit setting/fruit drop in chilli can be controlled by spraying

a) Sulphur (1.52%) at 10 days intervals at growing stage.

 b) Planofix (NAA) @ 2-3 ml per 10 litres water at flowering stage.

 c) Dicofol (0.25%) at flowering stage.

 d) Fipronil (5% SC) 1ml per litre at flowering stage.

1. Which of the following is a variety of black carrot?

 a) Pusa Meghali b) Pusa Asita

 c) Pusa Rudhira d) Pusa Vasuda

 2. NRC for orchid is situated at:

 a) Pakyong b) Gangtok

 c) Lachen d) Aritar

 3. Bonneville variety of pea has been introduced from:

 a) USA b) Germany

 c) Sweden d) UK

1. The end product of glycolysis is:

 a) Malic acid b) Citric acid

 c) Pyruvic acid d) Oxalic acid

 2. Tag colour of certified seed is:

 a) White b) Purple

 c) Blue d) Golden yellow

 3. Which of the following varietyiesof sweet potato is rich in carotene content?

 a) Gauri b) Rajendra Shakarkand-35

 c) Pusa Sundri d) Rajendra Shakarkand-43

1. The first Indian scientist who won the ‘World Food Prize’ is:

 a) Sanjay Rajaram b) M.S. Swaminathan

 c) Vergese Kurien d) G.S. Khus

 2. Seed rate of paddy (kg/ha) in SRI (System of Rice Intensification) method of cultivation is:

 a) 5-6 b) 8-10

 c) 12-14 d) 18-20

 3. AVRDC is situated at:

 a) Phillipines b Taiwan

 c) Japan d) India

1. The total annual rainfall of India is about:

 a) 1190 mm b) 1250 mm

 c) 1050 mm d) 1350 mm

 2. Net cultivated area of India is:

 a) 142 mha b) 150 mha

 c) 140 mha d) 152 mha

 3. Amrapali is a cross between:

 a) Neelum x Dushehari b) Dushehari x alphonso

 c) Ratna x Alphonso d) Dushehari x Neelum

1. Horticulture sector covers % of total cropped area.

 a) 10% b) 15%

 c) 20% d) 25%

 2. Among all floricultural products, the contribution of dry flowers in total exports is:

 a) 40 b) 50

 c) 60 d) 70

 3. Protein synthesis takes place in:

 a) Nucleus b) Nucleolus

 c) Ribosome d) Mitochondria

1. Horticulture sector covers % of total cropped area.

 a) 10% b) 15%

 c) 20% d) 25%

 2. World Trade Organization is situated at:

 a) Geneva b) Rome

 c) Paris d) Brazil

 3. AVRDC is situated at:

 a) Phillipines b) Taiwan

 c) Japan d) India

1. Horticulture sector covers % of total cropped area.

 a) 10% b) 15%

 c) 20% d) 25%

 2. Which of the following is / are pre-emergence herbicide(s)?

 a) Diquat b) Paraquat

 c) Diuron d) All of these

 3. Potassium plays an important role in:

 a) Osmotic regulation b) Opening and closing of stomata

 c) Sugar translocation d) All of these

1. Low chill varieties of peach needs chilling of

 a) 50-100 hr b) 250-300 hr

 c) 600-650 hr d) 800-900 hr

 2. Nectarine is a mutant of

 a) Peach b) Plum

 c) Apricot d) Almond

 3. Nematode resistant rootstocks of peach is

 a) GF 667 b) St. Julien

 c) Siberian C d) Shalil

1. Partial ringing of branches above a dormant lateral bud is known as

 a) Ringing b) Notching

 c) Smudging d) Nicking

 2. Epigenous germination is found in which of the following fruit crops

 a) Mango b) Tamarind

 c) Cashewnut d) All of them

 3. The development of seed portion viz. two polar nuclei+ sperm nucleus results into which of the following fruit organ

 a) Seed coat b) Perisperm

 b) Endosperm d) Zygote

1. Apple was introduced in India in the year

 a) 1865 b) 1855

 c) 1900 d) 1910

 2. To break bud dormancy, most of delicious apple varieties require chilling hours of

 a) 200-300 b) 500-600

 c) 700-800 d) 1000-1600

 3. Late season variety of apple is

 a) Granny Smith b) Red Gold

 c) Starking Delicious d) Michal

1. In every winters peach requires heavy pruning because:

a) It bears on current season’s growth

Ib) t bears on previous season’s growth only

c) It bears on two years’ old wood only

Id) t bears on spur

2. Mango wilt/decline is spread through:

a) Mealy bug

b) White grub

c) Beetle

d) Leaf hopper

1. ‘Flying Dragon’ a dwarfing rootstock of citrus. The dwarfness is governed by:

 a) Single dominant gene b) Single recessive gene

 c) Polygenes d) Additive genes

 2. India’s contribution in the total world production of fruits is.

 a) 10.5% b) 12.5%

 d) 17.5% c) 15.5%

 3. In which fruit crop the first transgenic was produced:

 a) Papaya c) Pear

 b) Plum d) Walnut

1. Colt, a dwarfing rootstock of cherry is a cross between:

 a) P. avium × P. cerasifera b) P. avium × P. mahaleb

 c) P. avium × P. pseudocerasus d) P. avium × P. cerasoides

 2. GF-677 is a cross of:

 a) Almond × Peach b) Peach × Almond

 c) Peach × Apricot d) Apricot × Peach

 3. Coat protein mediated resistance has been developed in:

 a) Papaya b) Banana

 c) Citrus d) All the above

1. Which of the following variety of grape is commercially grown in North India?

 a) Pearlette  b) Pusa Seedless

 c) Thompson Seedless  d) Pusa Navrang

 2. Which of the following is highly shade tolerant fruit crop?

 a) Carambola  b) Coconut

 c) Citrus  d) Mango

 3. Type of apomixis present in citrus is:

 a) Non recurrent  b) Recurrent

 c) Parthenocarpy  d) All of the above