ICAR ARS 2024-2025 (PRE.ONLY) (ICAR ARS 20 ANIMAL REPRODUCTION AND GYNAECOLOGYS 2024)

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Eligibility

Master’s degree in Veterinary/ Animal Sciences with specialization in Animal Reproduction and Gynaecology.

Exam Pattern

"Two separate competitive written  examinations (Computer Based Test + Written) followed by Viva-voce shall be conducted as per the following plan of examinations:-
Examination               Max. Marks  Duration
Preliminary-ARS         150              2 hours (Objective Type)
ARS – Main                   240             3 hours  (Descriptive Type)
Viva-voce                        60              1/3 marks will be deducted for each wrong answer in ARS-2021 (Preliminary)
Examination (Objective Type). There will be no rounding off of fractions of marks. This is a qualifying examination and marks scored will not be counted for final selection.        ARS-2021 (Mains) Examination Paper will have only one paper of 240 marks in the respective disciplines, to be attempted in 3 hours duration. The paper shall be divided in three parts A, B and C. Part ‘A’ will consist of 40 (forty) questions of 2 (two) marks each. In this 30 part, answers required will be of very short, not exceeding 10 (Ten) words at the most. Part ‘B’ will have 20 (twenty) questions of 5 (five) marks each requiring one or two paragraphs and/or graphic explanation. Part ‘C’ will have 6 (six) essay type or descriptive type questions. Each question will carry 10 (ten) marks and may have two or more parts. Answers are required to be written in the space provided below the question. In no case extra sheets will be provided. All questions in parts ‘A’ ‘B’ and ‘C’ will be compulsory. 
 

Syllabus

UNIT 1: Veterinary Gynaecology

Biology of sex. Development of female genitalia. Functional anatomy of female reproductive system of farm animals. Growth, puberty and sexual maturity. Reproductive cycles (oestrous cycle) in female farm animas. Oogenesis and folliculogenesis. Follicular dynamics and ovulation. Transport and survival of gametes, fertilization, cleavage, implantation and maternal recognition of pregnancy. Development of foetus and foetal membranes. Placenta- classification and functions. Gestation and pregnancy diagnosis in farm animals.

UNIT 2 : Reproductive Endocrinology

Reproductive hormones, classification, synthesis, chemical composition and mechanism of action. Hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, gonadotropic, gonadal, placental and pineal gland hormones. Prostaglandins, pheromones, growth factors and hormone antagonists and their significance in animal reproduction. Hormonal assays. Hormonal regulation of male and female reproduction. Clinical uses of hormones.

UNIT 3 : Accidents during Gestation

Pregnancy, Pseudocyesis, Ectopic pregnancy, Abnormalities of fertilization and foetal development, Superfecundation and superfetation. Abortion - bacterial, viral, mycotic, protozoal, physical, toxic and miscellaneous causes, diagnosis and prevention, Dropsy of foetal membrane and foetus, Maceration, mummification, Pyometra, Antepartum vagino-cervical prolapse, Uterine torsion and displacement of uterus.

UNIT 4 : Veterinary Obstetrics

Pelvis and pelvimetry. Parturition - Signs approaching parturition, initiation and stages of parturition, induction of parturition and postpartum period. Presentation, position and posture. Causes and forms of dystocia and its treatment. Epidural anaestheia. Obstetrical maneuvers including fetotomy and Caesarean section. Post¬partum complications in domestic animals, retention of placenta, uterine proplapse, endometritis, metritis, septic metritis. Post parturient metabolic disorders.

UNIT 5 : Andrology

Comparative anatomy of male reproductive system. Thermoregulation of testis and blood testis barrier, Growth, puberty and sexual maturity. Spermatogenesis including cycle of somniferous epithelium and spermatogenic wave. Sperm morphology and ultra-structure of spermatozoa, sperm transport, maturation and storage in male genital tract, Secretions of male reproductive tract including accessory glands and their role in reproduction, Sexual / mating behaviour. Semen and its composition, biochemistry of semen and sperm metabolism, sperm abnormalities and its classification, sperm separation and spermatozoa karyotyping.

UNIT 6 : Male Infertility

Fertility, infertility and sterility in male domestic animals. Causes and forms of male infertility. Testicular hypoplasia, cryptorchid, testicular degeneration, orchitis, affections of epididymis, vas deference, penis, prepuce and accessory glands & their management, tumors of the male reproductive tract, nutritional infertility, Vices in the males.Evaluation of male for breeding soundness, reproductive health status. Effect of parental drugs and vaccines on semen quality.

UNIT 7 : Frozen Semen Technology and Artificial Insemination

History and development of artificial insemination. Advantages and disadvantages of Al and frozen semen, selection of bulls for Al purpose. Management of breeding bulls, methods of semen collection in different domestic animals, semen evaluation including latest techniques for evaluation of motility and fertilization. Ideal extenders, extenders for liquid semen. Preservation of semen at various temperatures. Processing and preservation of liquid semen. Extenders for frozen semen, principles and techniques of semen freezing. Cold shock and ultra-low temperature shock. Cryoprotectants. Semen additives. Evaluate n of frozen semen. Transport and storage semen. Handling of frozen semen, Liqu d nitrogen and its containers. Insemination techniques. Planning and organization of semen bank.

UNIT 8 : Reproductive Technology

Synchronization of oestrous cycle in domestic animals, control of ovulation. Embryo transfer technology - History, advantages and disadvantages, superovulation, collection, evaluation, preservation and transfer of oocytes / embryos. History of in vitro maturation and fertilization. Recovery of oocytes in vitro and in vivo, maturation, fertilization, culture, evaluation, preservation and transfer of oocytes / embryos. Micromanipulation of embryos. Embryo splitting and clo ring. Stem cells and production of transgenic animals. Sex determination and gene insertion. Establishment of laboratory for ETT, IVM, IVF and IVC. Use of Ultrasonography, laparoscopy and ovum-pick technology in farm animals.

UNIT 9 : Infertility in Cows and Buffaloes

Fertility, infertility and sterility. Evaluation of herd fertility. Incidence and economic role of infertility, forms of infertility, congenital and hereditary defects, infectious diseases. Pathological conditions of ovary, oviduct, uterus, cervix and vulva. Management causes of infertility. Hormonal causes of infertility, anestrus, repeat breeding, cystic ovarian degeneration, sexual health control and reproductive health programmes. Breeding soundness examination of cows and buffaloes.

UNIT 10 : Reproduction and Infertility in Ovine / Caprine

Puberty, sexual maturity, breeding season, oestrous cycle, Breeding and conception, gestation, parturition, peri-parturient and obstetrical complications. Synchronization of oestrous cycle. Embryo transfer. Causes of infertility and their management.

UNIT 11 : Reproduction and Infertility in Swine

Estrous cycle, synchronication of oestrous cycle, Hormonal con rol of reproduction. Various forms of infertility in swine and their management. Various obstetrical problems and their management.

UNIT 12 : Equine Reproduction

Physiology and pathology of equine reproduction. Research techniques and methodology for the study of equine reproduction. Equine and ology. Reproductive behaviour and management of stallion. Semen collection, examination and artificial insemination. Pregnant mare behaviour . Application of modern reproductive techniques in equine reproduction. Equine infertility.

UNIT 13 : Canine and Feline Reproduction

Functional anatomy of dog and cat reproductive system, icstrous cycle and endocrinology of oestrous cycle and detection of optimum breed ing time. Exfoliative vaginal cytology. Methods of pregnancy diagnosis, contraception. Medical termination of pregnancy. Infertility in bitches, disorders of oestrous cyle, pscdopregnancy, pyometra, cystic endoretrial hyperplasia, tumors of reproductive tract. Difficult whelping - types and methods of handling dystocia. Caesarean section. Ovarian hysterectomy. Peri-partutrient complications. Semen collection, evaluation, techniques of artificial insemination, infertility in male including testicular tumors - cryptorchid, affections of prostate.

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