ICAR ARS 2024-2025 (PRE.ONLY) (ICAR ARS 44 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2024)

3.8 (112)

Select Buying Options:

0

Buy Now and Pay Later in EMI's

Eligibility

Master’s degree in Environmental Science /Agroforestry/ Agriculture Physics/ Agriculture with specialization in Environmental Science.

Exam Pattern

"Two separate competitive written  examinations (Computer Based Test + Written) followed by Viva-voce shall be conducted as per the following plan of examinations:-
Examination               Max. Marks  Duration
Preliminary-ARS         150              2 hours (Objective Type)
ARS – Main                   240             3 hours  (Descriptive Type)
Viva-voce                        60               1/3 marks will be deducted for each wrong answer in ARS-2021 (Preliminary)
Examination (Objective Type). There will be no rounding off of fractions of marks. This is a qualifying examination and marks scored will not be counted for final selection.                                               ARS-2021 (Mains) Examination Paper will have only one paper of 240 marks in the respective disciplines, to be attempted in 3 hours duration. The paper shall be divided in three parts A, B and C. Part ‘A’ will consist of 40 (forty) questions of 2 (two) marks each. In this 30 part, answers required will be of very short, not exceeding 10 (Ten) words at the most. Part ‘B’ will have 20 (twenty) questions of 5 (five) marks each requiring one or two paragraphs and/or graphic explanation. Part ‘C’ will have 6 (six) essay type or descriptive type questions. Each question will carry 10 (ten) marks and may have two or more parts. Answers are required to be written in the space provided below the question. In no case extra sheets will be provided. All questions in parts ‘A’ ‘B’ and ‘C’ will be compulsory. "

Syllabus

Unit 1

Definition and scope of environment science and its interrelationship with other sciences and agriculture; Origin and evolution of the earth and its environs- atmosphere: hydrosphere, Lithosphere and biosphere; Biogeochemical cycles; Components of environment - biotic, abiotic and social; Weather and climate; History and evolution of human settlement; Effect of various developmental activities on environment.

Unit 2

Basic ecological concepts - habitat ecology, systems ecology, synecology, autecology; Ecosystem concept; Structure and functions of biotic and abiotic components; Energy in ecosystems and environment; Energy exchange and productivity-food chains and food webs-ecological pyramids, nutrient cycles and recycle pathways; Population - characteristics and measurement; Communities - habitats, niches, population dynamics, species and individual in the ecosystem; Recent trends in ecology; Types characteristic features, structure and function of forest, grassland, plantation, desert; Aquatic and agro-ecosystem; Ecological succession - types and causes.

Unit 3

Biodiversity concepts, levels and types, changes in tune and space, evolution, centres of origin of crops, species concept; Significance of biodiversity; Plant genetic resources, exploration and collection; Crop domestication, plant introductions; Migration and utilization; IUCN clauses and concept of threatened and endangered species; Biogeography; Principles of conservation of biological diversity in-situ and ex-situ. Causes of loss of biodiversity: introduction of exotics and invasive plants; Methods of conservation, role of national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves; National and global conservation measures, institutions and conventions; Indian Biodiversity Act 2002; Biodiversity and economics with special reference to India; Biodiversity in relation to global environmental changes; Biodiversity hot spots in India and world; Biodiversity and life security.

Unit 4

Composition of air; Air pollution: sources and classification of major air pollutants; Smoke, smog, photochemical smog and SPM; Methods of air pollution monitoring; Effects of air pollutants on crops, vegetation, animals and human health; mitigation measures for combating air pollution; Factors affecting plant response to air pollution; Acid rain, physiological and biochemical effects of SO2, HF, PAN and Chon vegetation, toxicity symptoms on vegetation, defence mechanism against air pollutants in plants, sensitive and tolerant plant species to air pollutants. National and international laws and policies on air pollution; Permissible limits of air pollutants in the residential, commercial and industrial areas; Noise pollution-concept and effects.

Unit 5

Soil and water pollution: sources and types of soil and water pollutants; Effects of pollutants on soil health and productivity; Radioactive pollutants, their life time and disposal; Point and non-point sources of water pollution, major types of water pollutants, their impacts on environment and agro-ecosystems: Pollution in fresh water bodies, ponds, lakes, rivers and wells. Effects of soil and water pollutants on crop plants, animals, microorganism and human health; National and International laws and maximum permissible limits of soil and water pollutants: Biomagnification and its impact on loss of biodiversity; Physical, chemical and biological properties of wastes; Effluent treatment processes for major industries viz. distilleries; paper and pulp, sugar, sewage and other agro-industrial wastes; Resource, product recovery, recycling and value addition to wastes; Biodegradation and bioconversion of organic wastes, composting, landfills; Vermicomposting, biogas, animal eed. mushroom cultivation etc.; Use of sludge, flyash, effluents and other agro industrial wastes in agriculture; Microbial, chemical and phytoremediation processes; Microbiological and public health aspects of waste disposal; Heavy metal contamination of environments, source and sinks of heavy metals.

Unit 6

Climate change: Global warming and greenhouse effect, sources and sinks of green house gases, major GHGs, atalytical techniques of monitoring greenhouse gases in atmosphere; Global climate change - its history and future predictions. Impact of climate change on agriculture, forestry, water resources, sea level rise, livestock, fisheries, coastal ecosystem and dynamics and pests and diseases and overall ecological processes; Climate change and food security; Contribution of agriculture and forestry to climate change; International conventions on climate change; Stratospheric ozone layer depletion-effect of UV radiation on plants and human health; Adaptation and mitigation strategies of climate change, global dimming agrobiological effects of CO2 fertilization on crops; Carbon sequestration and clean development mechanism.

Unit 7

Energy consumption pattern in urban and rural India; Types of renewable sources of energy; Solar energy: concepts of heat and mass transfer; design of solar thermal system and their applications in heating, cooling, distillation, drying, dehydration etc., design of solar photovoltaic systems, power generation for rural electrification-water pumping, solar ponds; Wind energy for mechanical and electrical power generation, types of wind mills; Geothermal and tidal energy; Biogas from animal and agricultural wastes, types of biogas plants, utilization of biogas for heating, cooking lighting and power generation; Characteristics of biogas slurry and its utilization; Energy from biogas; Liquid fuels from petrocrops, energy plantation crops; Concepts of producer gas; characterization of materials for producer gas, types of gasifiers; Animals draft power and its utilization in rural sector; Briquetting of agro-wastes for fuel; Potential of renewable energy sources in India, Integrated rural energy programme; Causes of failure of biogas plants in rural India.

Unit 8

Natural resources of India: land, soil, water and forest and their conservation and management including wildlife; Effects of deforestation on soil erosion; Land degradation; Environment and rural economy; Wasteland: their extent, characteristics and reclamation; Soil and water conservation, rain water harvesting and watershed management; Desertification and biological invasion; Rain water harvesting; Mineral resources: use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources; Disaster management: floods, droughts, earthquakes Tsunami, cyclones and landslides; Nuclear hazards; Environmental impact assessment for physical, chemical, biological and socio-economic factors; Legislative implications of EIA, environmental impacts assessment and environmental auditing; Major global environmental issues; Human population and environment: population growth, variation among nations. Population explosion - family welfare programme; World food resources; World food problems; Environment and human health; Environmental ethics: issues and possible solutions; Environmental policies and laws in India; Public
environmental awareness; Human rights; Role of information technology in environmental and human health; Industrial pollutants; Sea weeds and their utilization in agar, alginic acid, carrageenan, agarose and agaropectin production; Impact of green revolution on the environments.

Unit 9

Frequency distribution, mean, median, mode and standard deviation; Normal, binomial and poisson distribution; Correlations - partial and multiple; Regression coefficients and multiple regression. Tests of significance F and Chi-square (X2) tests; Experimental designs - basic principles, completely randomized, randomized block, Latin square and split plot designs.

Student's Feedback

(4)

I find its excellent. I appreciate publishing enriching students' knowledge for them to stand out in any competitive exam.

Ashish Singh

(4)

Very informative and course oriented, which benefits all students and those preparing for competitive exams.

Shailesh Kumar

(3)

Best material to inspire many young people who are trying their hardest in competitive exams.

Ajay Mehra

(4)

I've been searching for something like this for a long time. They stand out among others. The author appears to have done extensive research. Students and parents should buy it. It's worth reading.

Satish Kumar

(5)

I've been finding it hard to improve my learning style to use my study time best. There content is exceptionally well written and researched to provide tools and realistic approaches I can now use for the rest of my life. It was fantastic!

Sourav Sinha

(4)

very nice

KAVITA ADHIKARI

(1)

KUSHAL H R

(4)

Sumit Jain

(4)

Pandhiri Kruparani

(3)

ADARSHA B S

(2)

MALLAMMA

(4)

SANKARA ANUSHA

(5)

Mohit Shalikram Janbandhu

(3)

SAKLAIN MUSTHAQ

(4)

Dhanushree HK

(1)

Alok Sahu

(4)

Guptnath Trivedi

(5)

Prafulla Kumar Paul

(4)

Dola sireesha Vanaparthi

(3)

J M KAVANA
Payment Methods